This is the first in a series of 7 “Cake Batter” classes. Over the course of the series we’ll test how changes to cake batter mixing technique and ingredients can alter a cake’s taste and texture.
This is how you can perfect your own recipes. Start with a base recipe, then tweak the ingredients and/or techniques to get a cake more to your own taste.
We’ll look at the role each ingredient plays in the batter. But first we’ll look at two cake batter mixing methods.
A baker can’t just haphazardly change around the ingredients in a recipe and expect a good outcome. We must make adjustments thoughtfully to keep the recipe in balance.
We’ll work with a very basic pound cake as our test recipe for the “Cake Batter” classes. Pound cake is a great tool for our purposes precisely because it’s a simple recipe with just 4 ingredients.
Pound cake got it’s name based on the original formula of 1 pound each of butter, sugar, eggs and flour. It’s called “quatre-quarts” (four-fourths) by the French.
Cake Batter – Creaming vs Reverse Creaming
When I was in culinary school, our first lesson in the “cakes” section was the basic pound cake. Not only did we have to use the original “quatre quarts” recipe, we were required to cream the butter and sugar with a wooden spoon, by hand.
We had to add the eggs one at a time, while trying to keep the proper texture of the batter. At the time it seemed a little ridiculous. We knew we’d never actually mix a pound cake by hand, especially in a pro kitchen.
But the exercise did reinforce how important technique is, not only for pound cake but for all baking.
Precisely because the original pound cake recipe is so simple it’s the perfect vehicle to test how mixing technique can affect cake texture.
It matters how the ingredients of a pound cake are put together. There is no hiding behind swirls of sweet frosting to mask a rubbery or dense cake. So lets learn about two cake batter mixing methods.
Traditional Creaming vs. Reverse Creaming (or two stage creaming)
The traditional creaming method starts by beating together the butter and sugar. The sharp edges of the sugar crystals cut through the butter to create lots of little air bubbles. The eggs are added one at a time and the flour is added last.
As soon as the flour is added gluten, the protein in the flour that gives baked goods their structure, will start to form. As the cake bakes the air bubbles trapped in the butter will expand in the heat of the oven producing, in theory, a light and airy cake.
Reverse creaming, aka two-stage creaming, is an alternate technique used by many bakers (including me). Reverse creaming starts by beating together the flour, sugar and butter.
Gluten won’t start to form until the flour comes in contact with water (in the egg whites). Coating the flour molecules with butterfat before the eggs are added creates a barrier which slows the formation of gluten. Reverse creaming should, in theory, make a cake with a more tender and velvety texture.
Cake Batter testing creaming methods
One way to compare mixing techniques is to run side-by-side tests. For each test I mixed one batch using the traditional creaming method and one batch using the reverse creaming method.
Each batch of cake contained exactly 8 ounces each of cake flour, granulated sugar, unsalted butter and eggs. The butter and eggs were at ideal room temperature, between 65-70°F.
All cakes were baked in identical 9”x 5” loaf pans at 325°F in a convection oven.

All ingredients should be at ideal room temperature, about 65°-70°F.

The cake batters look similar going into the oven.

The crusts on the cakes had slightly different texture.
Cake test results
At first glance, the cakes made with the different mixing methods looked very similar, but once I cut and tasted the cakes the differences became apparent.
The cake made with the traditional creaming method had a very tight crumb and contained a few pockets of air. The cake was a little chewy with a slightly bouncy texture. I pinched a piece of the cake between my fingers and it held together a moment before breaking up.
The cake made with the reverse method also had a tight crumb, but it was very consistent with no air pockets. The texture was softer and more tender. When I pinched a piece of that cake between my fingers it broke apart more easily.

The two cakes made with different mixing methods look similar, but they didn’t taste the same.
While there wasn’t a tremendous difference between the cakes, the cake made with the reverse creaming method was softer and more tender. Which is why reverse creaming is my preferred mixing method.

Old Fashioned Pound Cake - Quatre Quarts
The original Pound Cake Recipe made with equal parts flour, eggs, butter and sugar. It's not my favorite pound cake recipe, but it is the original.
Ingredients
- 1 ¾ cups (8 oz, 225 g) cake flour
- 1 cup (8 oz, 225 g) granulated sugar
- 2 sticks (8 oz, 225 g) unsalted butter, room temperature (65°-70°F)
- 5 large (8 oz, 225 g) eggs room temperature
Instructions
- Preheat the oven to 350°F. Butter and flour a 9"x5" loaf pan
- Combine the flour and sugar in a mixer bowl. Mix one minute to combine.. With the mixer running on low, add the butter. Increase the speed to medium high and mix for 2-3 minutes to aerate the batter.
- Scrape the bowl and beater. With the mixer running on low, add the eggs in 2 batches, scraping after each addition. Pour the batter in the prepared pan.
- Bake about 50 minutes until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.
Notes
You can make the same recipe using the traditional creaming method.
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Next up: Cake Batter Class #2 will explore how adding salt, flavorings and leavening can improve on the basic pound cake recipe.
When we’re done experimenting with all the ingredients for this “cake batter” course, we’ll use all we’ve learned to create Pound Cake Perfection. In This comprehensive post about creating a great cake recipe you’ll find the perfected pound cake recipe, and lots of great information to help you adapt and create your own cake recipes.
PAWAN
Sunday 6th of February 2022
for replacing 1 cup of cake flour , you had suggested to replace with 3/4 cup of APF and 2TBSP of corn flour. But this volume will not make 1 cup of equivalent cake flour. Still 2 Tbsp is short. How to compensate for this shortage . pl let us know
PAWAN
Thursday 30th of December 2021
For eggless cakes using vegetable oil, please suggest the replacements for egg yokes to act as emulsifiers.
Prashanth
Friday 20th of August 2021
Great article! Thank you for pictures, work, and writing. Saw another Cooking Science blog say there were not much differences, which was truly upsetting, haha. Perhaps, he/she beated the mixtures too long in a stand mixer.
Suniat
Sunday 30th of May 2021
Hi. I have used both methods and prefer reverse creaming. My question is - which one is better for a layer cake in which I have to slice cake into 2 layers?
Eileen Gray
Sunday 30th of May 2021
I always tort my cake layers and I always use reverse creaming.
NARINDER REEL
Monday 17th of May 2021
Very good article I have been searching for something like this for a long time as the reverse method on the internet gets confusing with so many different ingredients and measurements. I also use sour cream which make the cake softer. Orignal I used the creaming method but want to establish the best. Also many recipes use all purpose flour and then add salt, baking powder and soda does this make a difference from SR flour?
NARINDER REEL
Monday 17th of May 2021
@Eileen Gray, Eileen do you think that if you use SR flour the results are just as good?
Eileen Gray
Monday 17th of May 2021
Self rising flour already has salt and baking powder added. All purpose or cake flour does not have salt or leavening in it so it's added separately.